See trava on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "travar"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "trava",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan trava",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "trava"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Catalan trava",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "trabs",
"4": "trabem",
"t": "beam, rafter"
},
"expansion": "Latin trabem (“beam, rafter”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Catalan trava, from Latin trabem (“beam, rafter”). The ending may have been changed to /-a/ due to the word's feminine gender, or a new singular trava could have been back-derived from the original plural traves (cf. xinxa < xinxes). Alternately, trava could simply be a deverbal of travar, a verb derived from the same Latin source.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "traves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "trava f (plural traves)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fetter, hobble, shackle"
],
"id": "en-trava-ca-noun-0AXlYFPo",
"links": [
[
"fetter",
"fetter"
],
[
"hobble",
"hobble"
],
[
"shackle",
"shackle"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"catch, block"
],
"id": "en-trava-ca-noun-~yk~ZunD",
"links": [
[
"catch",
"catch"
],
[
"block",
"block"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hindrance, obstacle"
],
"id": "en-trava-ca-noun-l65zJEFf",
"links": [
[
"hindrance",
"hindrance"
],
[
"obstacle",
"obstacle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) hindrance, obstacle"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.βə]",
"tags": [
"Central",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.və]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.va]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.βa]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern"
]
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "trava",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 1 1 75 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 23 2 15 1 23 2 0 0 0 18 13 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of travar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-trava-ca-verb-h3siyZ2G",
"links": [
[
"travar",
"travar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of travar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-trava-ca-verb-e4X5xFFd",
"links": [
[
"travar",
"travar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "sv",
"3": "trav"
},
"expansion": "Swedish trav",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ravi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish ravi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Swedish trav. Cognate with Finnish ravi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/kana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "3/kana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travvoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travvaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travoja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travvaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travvoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "travast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "travalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "traval",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "travalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "travaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "travoiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "travanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travvaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "travvoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "travant",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "trava",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tra‧va"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tra‧va"
]
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "izh",
"name": "Horse gaits",
"orig": "izh:Horse gaits",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 23 2 15 1 23 2 0 0 0 18 13 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "travata"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trot (specific type of running of a horse)"
],
"id": "en-trava-izh-noun-ZV-XbXSA",
"links": [
[
"trot",
"trot"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrɑʋɑ/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtrɑʋɑˑ]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrɑʋɑ/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtrɑʋɑˑ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑʋɑ"
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":deverbal",
"3": "travar<t:to lock, to hinder>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nOld Galician-Portuguese travar\nPortuguese travardeverb.\nPortuguese trava\n[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to lock, to hinder\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Galician-Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"travar\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"roa-opt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"travar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"trava\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"trava\">\nDeverbal from travar (“to lock, to hinder”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nOld Galician-Portuguese travar\nPortuguese travardeverb.\nPortuguese trava\nDeverbal from travar (“to lock, to hinder”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "travas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "trava f (plural travas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tra",
"va"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fetter (a chain or similar object used to bind a person or animal)"
],
"id": "en-trava-pt-noun-FGbBrXLv",
"links": [
[
"fetter",
"fetter"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "peia"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.vɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.vɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.bɐ/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.βɐ]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-avɐ"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Northern Portugal) -abɐ"
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "trava",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tra",
"va"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 23 2 15 1 23 2 0 0 0 18 13 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 70 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of travar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-trava-pt-verb-h3siyZ2G",
"links": [
[
"travar",
"travar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of travar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-trava-pt-verb-e4X5xFFd",
"links": [
[
"travar",
"travar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.vɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.vɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.bɐ/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.βɐ]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-avɐ"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Northern Portugal) -abɐ"
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trava",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trava",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trava"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trava",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trava.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tráva",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "тра́ва",
"links": [
[
"тра́ва",
"трава"
]
],
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "travi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tráva",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "tráva f (Cyrillic spelling тра́ва)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tra",
"va"
]
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "travar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "travnjak"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Grasses",
"orig": "sh:Grasses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Recreational drugs",
"orig": "sh:Recreational drugs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grass (plant of the family Poaceae)"
],
"id": "en-trava-sh-noun-BvuyVStn",
"links": [
[
"grass",
"grass"
],
[
"Poaceae",
"Poaceae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) grass (plant of the family Poaceae)"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 74 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Herbs",
"orig": "sh:Herbs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Recreational drugs",
"orig": "sh:Recreational drugs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"herb"
],
"id": "en-trava-sh-noun-JYUsh9bk",
"links": [
[
"herb",
"herb"
]
]
},
{
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"english": "He's sitting on his bed, smoking pot and reading Dostoyevsky.",
"text": "On s(j)edi na svom krevetu pušeći travu i čitajući Dostojevskog.",
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"type": "example"
}
],
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"weed, pot"
],
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[
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"weed"
],
[
"pot",
"pot"
]
],
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"(slang) weed, pot"
],
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"slang"
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}
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"form": "Alt: Unknown tone or non-tonal",
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{
"form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
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{
"form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
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"english": "81.12% of those surveyed mentioned having been subjected to violent encounters with the police. Some of the main police abuses suffered were unlawful detention, verbal abuse in public (insults such as \"transvestite,\" \"trap,\" \"tranny,\" or even the use of a masculine name, among some of the more typical epithets or threats, especially those linked to sex work).",
"ref": "2008 August 18, “Salud, VIH-sida y sexualidad trans. Atención de la salud de personas travestis y transexuales. Estudio de seroprevalencia de VIH en personas trans”, in Ministry of Health of Argentina, archived from the original on 06 Dec 2023:",
"text": "El 81,12% de las encuestadas refirió haber sufrido situaciones violentas por parte de la policía. Entre los principales abusos policiales sufridos se indican las detenciones ilegales, el hostigamiento verbal en el ámbito público (insultos tales como “travuco”, “travesaño”, “trava”, o bien, el uso de un nombre masculino, entre algunos de los calificativos despectivos más usuales o amenazas, especialmente vinculadas al ejercicio del trabajo sexual).",
"translation": "81.12% of those surveyed mentioned having been subjected to violent encounters with the police. Some of the main police abuses suffered were unlawful detention, verbal abuse in public (insults such as \"transvestite,\" \"trap,\" \"tranny,\" or even the use of a masculine name, among some of the more typical epithets or threats, especially those linked to sex work).",
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71,
76
]
],
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90,
96
]
],
"english": "Even if only for that instant, the world will fall silent and there will be no insults of tranny, transvestite, trap, man dressed as a woman, AIDS hider, pretender, masquerader..",
"ref": "2009 December 26, Lohana Berkins, “La Navidad de las travas”, in Página 12, retrieved 20 Dec 2023:",
"text": "Aunque sea por ese instante el mundo enmudecerá y no habrá insultos de trava, travesaño, trabuco, hombre vestido de mujer, mascarita sidótica, simulacro, colita, parecida, transfor..",
"translation": "Even if only for that instant, the world will fall silent and there will be no insults of tranny, transvestite, trap, man dressed as a woman, AIDS hider, pretender, masquerader..",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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],
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"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
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"transvestite",
"transvestite"
],
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"trans woman",
"trans woman"
]
],
"qualifier": "at least in Argentina",
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory, slang, at least in Argentina) a transvestite or trans woman"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"slang"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾaba/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt̪ɾa.β̞a]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aba"
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
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],
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],
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{
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{
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"form": "trava",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "travat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "travats",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "traven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indicative",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "traves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"passive",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"passive",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"10": "trava",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "present",
"4": "travar",
"5": "preterite",
"6": "travade",
"7": "supine",
"8": "travat",
"9": "imperative",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "trava (present travar, preterite travade, supine travat, imperative trava)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "trava (present travar, preterite travade, supine travat, imperative trava)",
"name": "sv-verb-reg"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish terms suffixed with -a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stack (making a neat stack)"
],
"id": "en-trava-sv-verb--20jhoVw",
"links": [
[
"stack",
"stack"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "trave"
},
{
"word": "stapla"
}
]
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "trava",
"word": "трава"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "trava",
"word": "трава"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "trava",
"word": "ⱅⱃⰰⰲⰰ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "тра́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "tráva"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "tráva"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "tráva"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "trawa"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "trŏwa"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "trawa"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "trôwa"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "trowa"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "zlw-pom"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "trava",
"word": "трава"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "tráva"
}
],
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk",
"word": "tráva"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "trawa"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "tšawa"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*trāˀwā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *trāˀwā́ˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*traviti",
"3": "",
"4": "to chew, to gnaw, to poison"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *traviti (“to chew, to gnaw, to poison”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tryti",
"3": "",
"4": "to rub, to crush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tryti (“to rub, to crush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*truti",
"3": "",
"4": "to consume, to poison"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *truti (“to consume, to poison”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trewH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trewH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*slava",
"3": "",
"4": "fame"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slava (“fame”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sluti",
"3": "",
"4": "to utter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *sluti (“to utter”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρῡ́ω",
"3": "",
"4": "to exhaust"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τρῡ́ω (trū́ō, “to exhaust”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τραῦμα",
"3": "",
"4": "wound, damage"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρώγω",
"3": "",
"4": "to chew, to gnaw"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τρώγω (trṓgō, “to chew, to gnaw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þrēaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to twist, to throw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrēaną (“to twist, to throw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *trāˀwā́ˀ, of uncertain origin, with no analogues outside of Slavic. Apparently related to Proto-Slavic *traviti (“to chew, to gnaw, to poison”), however, not certain in what manner.\nPossibly from the same root as Proto-Slavic *tryti (“to rub, to crush”), Proto-Slavic *truti (“to consume, to poison”), which are believed to continue Proto-Indo-European *trewH-. For similar vṛddhi-like construction, compare Proto-Slavic *slava (“fame”) from Proto-Slavic *sluti (“to utter”). If correct, then likely akin to Ancient Greek τρῡ́ω (trū́ō, “to exhaust”), Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”), Ancient Greek τρώγω (trṓgō, “to chew, to gnaw”), and Proto-Germanic *þrēaną (“to twist, to throw”).\nSee *traviti for further discussion.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trāvà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvǫ̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvòjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "*trěva",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "*trāvà"
},
"expansion": "*trāvà f",
"name": "sla-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trava",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grass"
],
"id": "en-trava-sla-pro-noun-9sxbCFth",
"links": [
[
"grass",
"grass"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "poison",
"translation": "poison",
"word": "otrova"
},
{
"english": "May, April",
"translation": "May, April",
"word": "travьňь"
},
{
"english": "to lose, to get rid of",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"translation": "to lose, to get rid of",
"word": "trьvati"
},
{
"word": "troviti"
},
{
"english": "to poison",
"translation": "to poison",
"word": "traviti"
},
{
"english": "to consume, to poison",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"translation": "to consume, to poison",
"word": "truti"
},
{
"english": "to rub, to crush",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"translation": "to rub, to crush",
"word": "tryti"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan feminine nouns",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Old Catalan",
"Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
"Catalan terms inherited from Old Catalan",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan verb forms",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Horse gaits"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "trava",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan trava",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "trava"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Catalan trava",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "trabs",
"4": "trabem",
"t": "beam, rafter"
},
"expansion": "Latin trabem (“beam, rafter”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Catalan trava, from Latin trabem (“beam, rafter”). The ending may have been changed to /-a/ due to the word's feminine gender, or a new singular trava could have been back-derived from the original plural traves (cf. xinxa < xinxes). Alternately, trava could simply be a deverbal of travar, a verb derived from the same Latin source.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "traves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "trava f (plural traves)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fetter, hobble, shackle"
],
"links": [
[
"fetter",
"fetter"
],
[
"hobble",
"hobble"
],
[
"shackle",
"shackle"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"catch, block"
],
"links": [
[
"catch",
"catch"
],
[
"block",
"block"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hindrance, obstacle"
],
"links": [
[
"hindrance",
"hindrance"
],
[
"obstacle",
"obstacle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) hindrance, obstacle"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.βə]",
"tags": [
"Central",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.və]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.va]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.βa]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern"
]
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan verb forms",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Horse gaits"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "trava",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of travar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"travar",
"travar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of travar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"travar",
"travar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Horse gaits"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "travata"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "sv",
"3": "trav"
},
"expansion": "Swedish trav",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ravi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish ravi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Swedish trav. Cognate with Finnish ravi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/kana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "3/kana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travvoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travvaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travoja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travvaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "travvoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "travast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "travalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "traval",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "travalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "travaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "travoiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "travanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travvaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "travvoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "travant",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travoint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "trava",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tra‧va"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tra‧va"
]
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian nouns",
"Ingrian terms derived from Swedish",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑʋɑ",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑʋɑ/2 syllables",
"izh:Horse gaits"
],
"glosses": [
"trot (specific type of running of a horse)"
],
"links": [
[
"trot",
"trot"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrɑʋɑ/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtrɑʋɑˑ]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrɑʋɑ/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtrɑʋɑˑ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑʋɑ"
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese deverbals",
"Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese feminine nouns",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese verb forms",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/abɐ",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/abɐ/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/avɐ",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/avɐ/2 syllables",
"sv:Horse gaits"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":deverbal",
"3": "travar<t:to lock, to hinder>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nOld Galician-Portuguese travar\nPortuguese travardeverb.\nPortuguese trava\n[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to lock, to hinder\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Galician-Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"travar\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"roa-opt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"travar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"trava\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"trava\">\nDeverbal from travar (“to lock, to hinder”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nOld Galician-Portuguese travar\nPortuguese travardeverb.\nPortuguese trava\nDeverbal from travar (“to lock, to hinder”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "travas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "trava f (plural travas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tra",
"va"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fetter (a chain or similar object used to bind a person or animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"fetter",
"fetter"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "peia"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.vɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.vɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.bɐ/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.βɐ]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-avɐ"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Northern Portugal) -abɐ"
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese verb forms",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/abɐ",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/abɐ/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/avɐ",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/avɐ/2 syllables",
"sv:Horse gaits"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "trava",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tra",
"va"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of travar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"travar",
"travar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "travar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of travar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"travar",
"travar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.vɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.vɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɾa.bɐ/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɾa.βɐ]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-avɐ"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Northern Portugal) -abɐ"
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "trava",
"word": "трава"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "trava",
"word": "трава"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "trava",
"word": "ⱅⱃⰰⰲⰰ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "travá",
"word": "трава́"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "тра́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "tráva"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "tráva"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "tráva"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "trawa"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "trŏwa"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "trawa"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "trôwa"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "trowa"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "zlw-pom"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "trava",
"word": "трава"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "tráva"
}
],
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk",
"word": "tráva"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "trawa"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "tšawa"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*trāˀwā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *trāˀwā́ˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*traviti",
"3": "",
"4": "to chew, to gnaw, to poison"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *traviti (“to chew, to gnaw, to poison”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tryti",
"3": "",
"4": "to rub, to crush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tryti (“to rub, to crush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*truti",
"3": "",
"4": "to consume, to poison"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *truti (“to consume, to poison”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trewH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trewH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*slava",
"3": "",
"4": "fame"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slava (“fame”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sluti",
"3": "",
"4": "to utter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *sluti (“to utter”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρῡ́ω",
"3": "",
"4": "to exhaust"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τρῡ́ω (trū́ō, “to exhaust”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τραῦμα",
"3": "",
"4": "wound, damage"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρώγω",
"3": "",
"4": "to chew, to gnaw"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τρώγω (trṓgō, “to chew, to gnaw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þrēaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to twist, to throw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrēaną (“to twist, to throw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *trāˀwā́ˀ, of uncertain origin, with no analogues outside of Slavic. Apparently related to Proto-Slavic *traviti (“to chew, to gnaw, to poison”), however, not certain in what manner.\nPossibly from the same root as Proto-Slavic *tryti (“to rub, to crush”), Proto-Slavic *truti (“to consume, to poison”), which are believed to continue Proto-Indo-European *trewH-. For similar vṛddhi-like construction, compare Proto-Slavic *slava (“fame”) from Proto-Slavic *sluti (“to utter”). If correct, then likely akin to Ancient Greek τρῡ́ω (trū́ō, “to exhaust”), Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”), Ancient Greek τρώγω (trṓgō, “to chew, to gnaw”), and Proto-Germanic *þrēaną (“to twist, to throw”).\nSee *traviti for further discussion.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trāvà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvǫ̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvòjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trãvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trāvỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "*trěva",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "*trāvà"
},
"expansion": "*trāvà f",
"name": "sla-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trava",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "poison",
"translation": "poison",
"word": "otrova"
},
{
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"ref": "2008 August 18, “Salud, VIH-sida y sexualidad trans. Atención de la salud de personas travestis y transexuales. Estudio de seroprevalencia de VIH en personas trans”, in Ministry of Health of Argentina, archived from the original on 06 Dec 2023:",
"text": "El 81,12% de las encuestadas refirió haber sufrido situaciones violentas por parte de la policía. Entre los principales abusos policiales sufridos se indican las detenciones ilegales, el hostigamiento verbal en el ámbito público (insultos tales como “travuco”, “travesaño”, “trava”, o bien, el uso de un nombre masculino, entre algunos de los calificativos despectivos más usuales o amenazas, especialmente vinculadas al ejercicio del trabajo sexual).",
"translation": "81.12% of those surveyed mentioned having been subjected to violent encounters with the police. Some of the main police abuses suffered were unlawful detention, verbal abuse in public (insults such as \"transvestite,\" \"trap,\" \"tranny,\" or even the use of a masculine name, among some of the more typical epithets or threats, especially those linked to sex work).",
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"ref": "2009 December 26, Lohana Berkins, “La Navidad de las travas”, in Página 12, retrieved 20 Dec 2023:",
"text": "Aunque sea por ese instante el mundo enmudecerá y no habrá insultos de trava, travesaño, trabuco, hombre vestido de mujer, mascarita sidótica, simulacro, colita, parecida, transfor..",
"translation": "Even if only for that instant, the world will fall silent and there will be no insults of tranny, transvestite, trap, man dressed as a woman, AIDS hider, pretender, masquerader..",
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"passive",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "traven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indicative",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "traves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"passive",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"passive",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"10": "trava",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "present",
"4": "travar",
"5": "preterite",
"6": "travade",
"7": "supine",
"8": "travat",
"9": "imperative",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "trava (present travar, preterite travade, supine travat, imperative trava)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "trava (present travar, preterite travade, supine travat, imperative trava)",
"name": "sv-verb-reg"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nopp": "1"
},
"name": "sv-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "trav"
},
{
"word": "travare"
},
{
"word": "galoppera"
},
{
"word": "skritta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to trot"
],
"links": [
[
"trot",
"trot"
]
]
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish terms suffixed with -a",
"Swedish verbs",
"Swedish weak verbs",
"sv:Horse gaits"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "trave",
"3": "-a"
},
"expansion": "trave + -a",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "trave + -a",
"forms": [
{
"form": "travar",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"tags": [
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "travat",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "travat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "travats",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "traven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "trava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"archaic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "travas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indicative",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "traves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"passive",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"passive",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "travande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "travad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"10": "trava",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "present",
"4": "travar",
"5": "preterite",
"6": "travade",
"7": "supine",
"8": "travat",
"9": "imperative",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "trava (present travar, preterite travade, supine travat, imperative trava)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "trava (present travar, preterite travade, supine travat, imperative trava)",
"name": "sv-verb-reg"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "trave"
},
{
"word": "stapla"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to stack (making a neat stack)"
],
"links": [
[
"stack",
"stack"
]
]
}
],
"word": "trava"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trava meaning in All languages combined (39.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for Alt: Unknown tone or non-tonal",
"path": [
"trava"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trava",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"path": [
"trava"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trava",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"path": [
"trava"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trava",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.